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随着沙漠、戈壁、荒漠(简称“沙戈荒”)地区光伏电站的大规模建设,光伏建设区的土壤环境演变日益受到关注.本文整合国内实证调查文献,系统梳理沙戈荒地区光伏板下地表微气候差异引起的土壤物理化学性质变化规律和土壤微生态系统演替特征,总结光伏产业和土壤生态协同健康发展的成功模式.研究表明,光伏板的遮荫、集雨和变风效应,可显著改变板下地表的光、热、水、风等微气候条件,改善温度、湿度和颗粒组成等土壤物理性质和养分、有机质等土壤化学性质.地表微气候和土壤物理化学性质变化的协同作用,可促成土壤的有机碳库、微生物多样性和生物量发生有益的变化.板上清洁能源发电、板下生态修复的“光伏+生态治理”模式,在协同推进清洁能源生产与脆弱生态系统修复方面具有良好潜力.未来尚需进一步研究光伏阵列调控地表微气候和土壤物理化学性质的数学模型、土壤微生态系统恢复的动态机制、“光伏+生态治理”模式的关键技术优化和智能管控等,为实现光伏产业和土壤生态环境的高质量协同健康发展提供科学支撑.
Abstract：With the large-scale construction of photovoltaic(PV) power stations in desert,Gobi,and Barrenland(referred to as "DGB") regions,increasing attention has been paid to the evolution of the soil environment in PV construction areas.This paper integrates findings from empirical investigations conducted in China,systematically reviews the patterns of changes in soil physical and chemical properties and the succession characteristics of the soil micro-ecosystem caused by variations in the surface microclimate beneath PV panels in DGB regions,and summarizes successful models for the synergistic and healthy development of the PV industry and soil ecology.Results indicate that the shading,rainwater harvesting,and windredirecting effects of PV panels can significantly alter microclimatic conditions such as light,heat,water,and wind beneath the panels,thereby improving soil physical properties,including temperature,humidity,and particle composition,as well as soil chemical properties,such as nutrient and organic matter content.The synergistic effects of changes in surface microclimate and soil physicochemical properties can promote beneficial changes in the soil organic carbon pool,microbial diversity,and biomass.The "PV+ecological restoration" model,which features clean energy generation above the panels and ecological restoration beneath them,demonstrates considerable potential for synergistically advancing clean energy production and the restoration of fragile ecosystems.Future research should focus on the development of mathematical models describing the regulation of surface microclimate and soil physicochemical properties by PV,the dynamic mechanisms underlying soil micro-ecosystem restoration,and the optimization and intelligent management of key technologies for the "PV+ecological restoration" model.These efforts will provide scientific support for achieving high-quality,synergistic,and healthy development of the PV industry and the soil ecological environment.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13393/j.cnki.issn.1672-948X.2026.04.006
中图分类号:X171.1;S154.1;TM615
引用信息:
[1]陈润洁,黄洁,江巍,等.沙戈荒地区光伏建设对土壤微生态系统影响的研究进展[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版)().DOI:10.13393/j.cnki.issn.1672-948X.2026.04.006.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(U22A20660,52079070)
2026-06-18
2026-06-18
2026-06-18